This classic by the famous mathematician defines the basic methodology and psychology of scientific discovery, particularly regarding mathematics and mathematical physics. Drawing on examples from many fields, it explains how scientists analyze and choose their working facts, and it explores the nature of experimentation, theory, and the mind. 1914 edition.
Here's a sample of other books in this Dover category
One Two Three . . . Infinity: Facts and Speculations of Science by George Gamow Over 120 delightful pen-and-ink illustrations by the author add another dimension of good-natured charm to these wide-ranging explorations. A mind-expanding volume for the layman and the science-minded.
An Adventurer’s Guide to Number Theory by Richard Friedberg This witty introduction to number theory deals with the properties of numbers and numbers as abstract concepts. Topics include primes, divisibility, quadratic forms, and related theorems.
An Introduction to Scientific Research by E. Bright Wilson, Jr. Exceptionally useful guide to pragmatic scientific method: design of experiments and apparatus, analysis of data, sampling and measurement, numerical computation, much more. Broad applications. References. Illustrated.
Introduction to Biostatistics: Second Edition by Robert R. Sokal, F. James Rohlf Suitable for undergraduates with a minimal background in mathematics, this introduction ranges from descriptive statistics to fundamental distributions and the testing of hypotheses. Includes numerous worked-out problems and examples. 1987 edition.
The Nature of Mathematics by Philip E. B. Jourdain Anyone interested in mathematics will appreciate this survey, which explores the distinction between the body of knowledge known as mathematics and the methods used in its discovery. 1913 edition.
